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At any given moment, power supply needs to be balanced with demand, and the power system frequency must be consistent. Any power system frequency deviation thus reflects imbalance between power generation and load. Frequency deviation will have an impact on wearing down user equipment, degrading power plant equipment, and eroding economic benefits.
Without energy storage, in order to follow load requirements set by the grid, power plant equipments, systems, and system frequency adjustment must be carried out at the expense of each generator according to their characteristics. This often results in cold starts, inefficient outputs, wasted fuel generation and unnecessarily operating costs.
Large-scale integration of renewable energy units have already had a major impact on the grid, such as: insufficient capacity, increased difficulty in voltage control, substantial difficulty in frequency modulation, and a large impact on the grid during the grid connection process.
The lack of frequency modulation capability of the power grid due to the intermittencies of weather effects have led to the phenomenon of abandonment of such renewables including light, wind and even water in China. Wasted renewable resources due to inability to reliably integrate with the grid and displaced with environmentally damaging emissions and toxic energy generation is an unfortunate consequence of lack of energy storage.
Island grids are often smaller and more sensitive to volatility in load changes and frequency imbalance. Particularly, the power supply of an island needs stability and continuity. Coupled with Island grid preferences of using renewable energy, island grids are more susceptible to grid shocks, and can benefit tremendously, more so than any inland application, from shock absorbers as flywheels.
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